Development and Standardization of a Polyherbal Formulation for the Management of Diabetes

Research Article

Abstract

Diabetes mellitus is a chronic metabolic syndrome characterized by persistent hyperglycemia, which frequently leads to debilitating systemic complications. While conventional oral hypoglycemic agents are effective, their long-term utilization is often constrained by adverse metabolic effects and the high cost of treatment. This research presents the systematic formulation, standardization, and pharmacological evaluation of a polyherbal powder designed for synergistic glycemic management. The formulation incorporates a specific ratio of Gymnema sylvestre (30g), Momordica charantia (25g), Trigonella foenum-graecum (20g), Ocimum sanctum (15g), and Azadirachta indica (10g). Systematic processing through controlled drying and comminution ensured a uniform distribution of bioactive phytochemicals. Physicochemical assessment demonstrated a moisture content of 5.8% and a total ash value of 6.2%, indicating high purity. The in vivo antidiabetic potential was evaluated in Streptozotocin (STZ)-induced diabetic Wistar rats. Oral administration of the polyherbal formulation at doses of 200 mg/kg and 400 mg/kg significantly (p < 0.01) reduced fasting blood glucose levels from 285.4 ± 10.2 mg/dL to 115.6 ± 6.8 mg/dL by the 21st day of treatment, comparable to the standard drug Glibenclamide (105.2 ± 4.5 mg/dL). Micromeritic profiling further confirmed excellent flow characteristics (Carr’s index: 12.7%) suitable for pharmaceutical scale-up. These results provide scientific validation for the formulation's safety and potent antihyperglycemic efficacy, supporting its use as a standardized phytotherapeutic agent